4형식 동사의 수동태 만드는 방법
• She gave me a new bicycle as a gift.
= I was given a new bicycle as a gift by her. (O)
= A new bicycle was given to me as a gift by her. (O)
• He made the boy a paper plane.
= A paper plane was made for the boy by him. (O)
≠ The boy was made a paper plane by him. (X)
• I envied him his success.
= He was envied his success by me. (O)
≠ His success was envied him by me. (X)
간접목적어와 직접목적어를 둘 다 수동태의 주어로 쓸 수 있는 동사
give, hand, lend, offer, pay, teach, show, promise, tell (간접목적어 앞에 전치사 to가 붙는다.) ask (간접목적어 앞에 전치사 of가 붙는다.) etc. 이러한 동사는 목적어가 2개 이듯이 수동태도 2개로 표현할 수 있습니다.
• Mom wrote me a letter.
= A letter was written me by mom.
= I was written a letter by mom.
직접목적어만 수동태의 주어로 쓸 수 있는 동사
pass, read, bring, write, sing (간접목적어 앞에 전치사 to가 붙는다.) make, buy, build, choose, cook, get, find, do (간접목적어 앞에 전치사 for가 붙는다.: "엠비씨개판두"로 외우면 쉽죠?) etc. 이러한 동사는 간접목적어를 수동태의 주어로 쓰면 의미가 어색해 집니다.
• My teacher asked me a difficult problem.
= I was asked a difficult problem by my teacher.
= A difficult problem was asked of me by my teacher.
간접목적어만 수동태의 주어로 쓸 수 있는 동사
직접목적어를 수동태로 주어로 쓰면 의미가 어색해 집니다. 이러한 동사로는 envy, save, spare 가 있습니다.
• I would saved you some money.
내가 너에게 약간의 돈을 아끼도록 해줄께.
= You would be saved some money by me.
≠ Some money would be saved you by me.(X)
